How is the Unsafe Driving measure calculated?*
[Sum of the Total Weight(TotW)/Average Power Units (PU)] x Utilization Factor (UF)
Total Weight (TotW)
Calculations generated by multiplying time and severity weighted applicable violations – Severity Weight (SW) x Time Weight (TiW) per violation.
Severity Weight (SW)
A 1-10 grading system for determining the severity of violation with 1 being the lowest categorized violation and 10 being the worst. Crashes are assigned severity weights according to their impact. Greater weight is attributed to crashes involving injuries, fatalities, and/or crashes involving the release of HM than to crashes resulting only in a vehicle being towed away from the scene of the crash.
Time Weight (TiW)
Time Weights – All on-road safety events are assigned a time weight. The time weight of an event decreases with time. This decline results in more recent events having a greater impact on a carrier’s BASIC measures than older events. Events that happened 24 months ago, or more, are not included in the measure.
Average Power Units (PU)
Determined by adding the current number of power units, the number of power units 6 months ago, and the number of power units 18 months ago.
Utilization Factor (UF)
There are two utilization factors. Combination Segment & Straight Segment. The Utilization Factor is a multiplier that adjusted the average power unit values based on the utilization in terms of VMT (Vehicle Miles Traveled) per average power units.
Straight Segment
Straight trucks constitute more than 30% of the total power units in the motor carrier’s fleet. The utilization factor for power units traveling less than 20,000 miles per vehicle, greater than 200,000 miles per vehicle or vehicles with no recent vehicle mileage reported will always be 1. Vehicles averaging between 60,000-200,000 miles traveled will have a utilization factor of 3. The calculation for vehicles traveling 20,000-60,000 miles will be 1 = VMT per PU ÷ 20,000.
Combination Segment
Combination trucks/motor coaches make up 70% or more of the total power units in the motor carrier’s fleet. The utilization factor for power units traveling less than 80,000 miles per vehicle, greater than 200,000 miles per vehicle or vehicles with no recent vehicle mileage reported will always be 1. Vehicles averaging between 160,000-200,000 miles will have a utilization factor of 1.6. The calculation for vehicles traveling 80,000-160,000 miles will be 1 + (VMT per average PU – 80,000) 13 ÷ 133,333.
How are the Hours of Service Compliance, Vehicle Maintenance, Controlled Substances & Alcohol and Driver Fitness measures calculated?*
Sum of the Total Weight(TotW)/Time Weight (TiW) of relevant inspections
Total Weight (TotW)
Calculations generated by multiplying time and severity weighted applicable violations – Severity Weight (SW) x Time Weight (TiW) per violation.
Severity Weight (SW)
A 1-10 grading system for determining the severity of violation with 1 being the lowest categorized violation and 10 being the worst. Crashes are assigned severity weights according to their impact. Greater weight is attributed to crashes involving injuries, fatalities, and/or crashes involving the release of HM than to crashes resulting only in a vehicle being towed away from the scene of the crash.
Time Weight (TiW)
Time Weights – All on-road safety events are assigned a time weight. The time weight of an event decreases with time. This decline results in more recent events having a greater impact on a carrier’s BASIC measures than older events. Events that happened 24 months ago, or more, are not included in the measure.
Additional BASIC Descriptions*
Unsafe Driving BASIC
Operation of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) in a dangerous or careless manner. Example violations include: speeding, reckless driving, improper lane change, texting while operating a CMV, not wearing safety belts.
HOS Compliance BASIC
Operation of CMVs by drivers who are ill, fatigued, or in noncompliance with the HOS regulations. This BASIC includes violations of regulations pertaining to records of duty status (RODS) as they relate to HOS requirements and the management of CMV driver fatigue. Example violations include: operating a CMV while ill or fatigued, requiring or permitting a property-carrying CMV driver to drive more than 11 hours, failing to preserve RODS for 6 months/failing to preserve supporting documents.
Vehicle Maintenance BASIC
Failure to properly maintain a CMV and prevent shifting loads, spilled or dropped cargo, and overloading of a CMV. Example violations include: inoperative brakes, lights, and other mechanical defects, improper load securement, failure to make required repairs.
Controlled Substances/Alcohol BASIC
Operation of CMVs by drivers who are impaired due to alcohol, illegal drugs, and misuse of prescription or over-the-counter medications. Example violations include: use or possession of controlled substances or alcohol, failing to implement an alcohol and/or controlled substance testing program.
Driver Fitness BASIC
Operation of CMVs by drivers who are unfit to operate a CMV due to lack of training, experience, or medical qualifications. Example violations include: failing to have a valid and appropriate commercial driver’s license (CDL), being medically unqualified to operate a CMV, failing to maintain driver qualification files.
*Each BASIC measure is calculated as a percentage on a scale of 1-100. The sum of all violation severity weights for any one inspection in any one BASIC is capped at a maximum of 30. This cap of 30 is applied before the SW is multiplied by the TiW. Out-of-service (OOS) weights are not assigned for Unsafe Driving violations as most violations in this category are not considered OOS violations.
Source: https://csa.fmcsa.dot.gov/Documents/SMSMethodology.pdf
Calculations generated by multiplying time and severity weighted applicable violations – Severity Weight (SW) x Time Weight (TiW) per violation.
A 1-10 grading system for determining the severity of violation with 1 being the lowest categorized violation and 10 being the worst. Crashes are assigned severity weights according to their impact. Greater weight is attributed to crashes involving injuries, fatalities, and/or crashes involving the release of HM than to crashes resulting only in a vehicle being towed away from the scene of the crash.
Time Weights – All on-road safety events are assigned a time weight. The time weight of an event decreases with time. This decline results in more recent events having a greater impact on a carrier’s BASIC measures than older events. Events that happened 24 months ago, or more, are not included in the measure.
Determined by adding the current number of power units, the number of power units 6 months ago, and the number of power units 18 months ago.
There are two utilization factors. Combination Segment & Straight Segment. The Utilization Factor is a multiplier that adjusted the average power unit values based on the utilization in terms of VMT (Vehicle Miles Traveled) per average power units.
Straight trucks constitute more than 30% of the total power units in the motor carrier’s fleet. The utilization factor for power units traveling less than 20,000 miles per vehicle, greater than 200,000 miles per vehicle or vehicles with no recent vehicle mileage reported will always be 1. Vehicles averaging between 60,000-200,000 miles traveled will have a utilization factor of 3. The calculation for vehicles traveling 20,000-60,000 miles will be 1 = VMT per PU ÷ 20,000.
Combination trucks/motor coaches make up 70% or more of the total power units in the motor carrier’s fleet. The utilization factor for power units traveling less than 80,000 miles per vehicle, greater than 200,000 miles per vehicle or vehicles with no recent vehicle mileage reported will always be 1. Vehicles averaging between 160,000-200,000 miles will have a utilization factor of 1.6. The calculation for vehicles traveling 80,000-160,000 miles will be 1 + (VMT per average PU – 80,000) 13 ÷ 133,333.
Calculations generated by multiplying time and severity weighted applicable violations – Severity Weight (SW) x Time Weight (TiW) per violation.
A 1-10 grading system for determining the severity of violation with 1 being the lowest categorized violation and 10 being the worst. Crashes are assigned severity weights according to their impact. Greater weight is attributed to crashes involving injuries, fatalities, and/or crashes involving the release of HM than to crashes resulting only in a vehicle being towed away from the scene of the crash.
Time Weights – All on-road safety events are assigned a time weight. The time weight of an event decreases with time. This decline results in more recent events having a greater impact on a carrier’s BASIC measures than older events. Events that happened 24 months ago, or more, are not included in the measure.
Operation of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) in a dangerous or careless manner. Example violations include: speeding, reckless driving, improper lane change, texting while operating a CMV, not wearing safety belts.
Operation of CMVs by drivers who are ill, fatigued, or in noncompliance with the HOS regulations. This BASIC includes violations of regulations pertaining to records of duty status (RODS) as they relate to HOS requirements and the management of CMV driver fatigue. Example violations include: operating a CMV while ill or fatigued, requiring or permitting a property-carrying CMV driver to drive more than 11 hours, failing to preserve RODS for 6 months/failing to preserve supporting documents.
Failure to properly maintain a CMV and prevent shifting loads, spilled or dropped cargo, and overloading of a CMV. Example violations include: inoperative brakes, lights, and other mechanical defects, improper load securement, failure to make required repairs.
Operation of CMVs by drivers who are impaired due to alcohol, illegal drugs, and misuse of prescription or over-the-counter medications. Example violations include: use or possession of controlled substances or alcohol, failing to implement an alcohol and/or controlled substance testing program.
Operation of CMVs by drivers who are unfit to operate a CMV due to lack of training, experience, or medical qualifications. Example violations include: failing to have a valid and appropriate commercial driver’s license (CDL), being medically unqualified to operate a CMV, failing to maintain driver qualification files.